南非钻石：地心瑰宝的传奇诞生地

zainanfeibeikaipushengliaokuodegaoyuanzhishang，yizuohaiba 1220 midechengshigewaiyaoyan，tajiushibeiyuwei “zuanshizhidou” dejinbolishi。zheizuochengshidejueqi，bingfeiyuanyuyoujiudelishijidian，ershiwanquanyituoyujiaoxianeitiaotongwangdixinshenchudezhenguizuanshikuangmai，meiyicuntudidoujuankezhezuanshidecuicangushi。

一、金伯利：钻石铸就的城市传奇

jinbolishizuizhenhanrenxindebiaozhi，dangshujinbolidakuangkeng（big hole） 。zheigeshenda 1097 mi、rukouzhijing 500 mi、zhandi 17 gongqingdejukeng，shirenleishougongcaikuangshishangdeqiji —— shuwankuanggongpingjieshuangshou，rifuyiridiwajue，leijiqingyunchu 2200 wandunnitu，zuizhongzaizheipiantudishangzaochulezheige “diqiudeshangba”。zai 1914 niankuangkengguanbiqiandeshushinianjian，zheilileijichanchuchaoguo 3 dunzuanshi，huansuanchengkelashugaoda 1500 wan，meiyikezuanshidouchengzaizhekuanggongdehanshuiyushidaideyinji。

erjinbolidemingyunzhuanzhe，libukaiyigeguanjianrenwuyuyichanggaibianshijiezuanshigejudejiaoyi。1870 nian，yingguozhiminzhesaixier・luodesiyi 6000 yingbangdejiage，congdaibiersixiongdishouzhongmaixialezheipianyunhanzuanshidetudi。suihou，tachuanglidedaibiersigongsixunsujueqi，dianfengshiqizhangkongzhequanqiu 90% dezuanshiyuanshijiaoyi，longduanzuanshidingjiaquanzhangdayigeshiji，jiangjinbolituixiangleshijiezuanshichanyedehexinwutai。

zuanshiweihehuizaijinbolifuji？daanzangzaiyizhongteshudeyanti ——jinboliyanzhong。shuyinianqian，juliedehuoshanpenfajiangxingchengyudimanshenchudetanjingti（zuanshiyuanshi）guoxieershang，daidaodibiaohoulengqueninggu，xingchengledutedeguanzhuangkuangmai。1869 nian，zaiaolanzhihepande “buerfengtannongchang”，renleishoucifaxianlezheizhongfuhanzuanshidejiaoliyunmuganlanyantong（jinboliyantong），zheiyifaxianchedijiekaileyuanshengzuanshikuangkaicaidexumu，yerangjinbolicongciyuzuanshijinmixianglian。

二、钻石热：重塑南非的命运浪潮

nanfeizuanshidechuanqi，shiyuliangciourandefaxian。1866 nian，jinbolifujinyiweixiaonvhaizaiwanshuashi，jiandaoleyikeliangjingjingdeshitou，suishousongjilelierennikeke，bishiwurenzhixiaozheikeshitoujiangxianqiyichangkuangchao。liangnianhou，heirenmuminkeluonizaiaolunzhihetanfangmushi，yiwaitidaoyikuaizhongda 83.5 keladezuanshiyuanshi —— zheikehoulaibeimingmingwei “nanfeizhixing” dezuanshi，chedidianranlenanfeidetaozuanre。

1869 nian 5 yue 19 ri，“nanfeizhixing” zaikaipudunbowuguanzhanchu，xiaoxichuanbiannanfei，zhenggediquweizhizhendong。

zuanshirerutongyichangfengbao，xunsuzhongsulenanfeideshehuijingjijiegou。jinboliyuanbenzhishiditushangyigewumingzhidi，quezaiduanduansannianneifazhanchengweiyongyouwuwanbairendingjudexinxingchengshi，jichusheshibuduanwanshan，shangye、gongyesuizhixingqi。zhengrudangshinanfeizhimindidachendeyuyan：“zheikezuanshijiangshiweilainanfeidejishi”，zuanshichanyechedigaibianlenanfeidemingyun，rangzheigeyuanbenyinongyeweizhudeguojia，yiyuechengweijubeigongyejichudediqu。

三、旷世奇珍：南非钻石的王室与世界之旅

nanfeidezuanshikuangmai，bujinyunyuleshuliangpangdadezuanshi，gengdanshengleduokezhenjingshijiedekuangshiqizhen，zheixiezuanshizuizhongzoujinshijiedingjizhubaodiantang，chengweiyonghengdechuanqi。

1. 南非之星（Star of South Africa）

1870 nian，“nanfeizhixing” de 83.5 kelayuanshibeisongwangamusitedanjinxingqiege。jingguogongjiangdejingxindamo，tabianchengleyikezhongda 47.69 keladelixingmeizuan，sejidadao g ji，jingduwei vvs，qichunjingdeguangzebeiyeneiyuwei “jiyouzhidejingshuizuan”。cihou，zheikezuanshikaiqilehuanqiuzhilv，zaioumeiduodixunzhan，jingyanlewushuguanzhong。1974 nian，tazairineiwapaimaihuishangbeiyingguobojueshourunangzhong，congcichengweisirenshouzangzhongdezhenpin。

2. 库里南钻石（Cullinan Diamond）

ruguoshuo “nanfeizhixing” shichuanqidekaiduan，neime “kulinanzuanshi” zekaiqilewangshizhubaodexinjiyuan。zheikezhongda 3106 keladezuanshijingti，shiqijinweizhirenleifaxiandezuidazuanshiyuanshi，qitijiyuzhongliangzhenhanshijie。weilerangzheikeguibaozhanfangzuijiaguangcai，tabeisongwanghelanjinxingqiege，sanmingdingjigongjianghaofeibageyueshijian，xiaoxinyiyidijiangqipigecheng 9 kedazuanshiyu 96 kexiaozuanshi。

qizhongzuidadeliangkezuanshi —— kulinan ⅰ hao（530.2 kela）yukulinan ⅱ hao（317.4 kela），chengweileyingguowangshizhubaodehexin。kulinan ⅰ haobeixiangqianzaiyingwangquanzhangshang，xiangzhengzhewangshidequanliyuweiyan；kulinan ⅱ haozedianzhuizaidiguowangguanzhishang，zaizhongyaoyishishangshanyaoguangmang。1907 nian，nanfeizhengfujuedingjiangzheifenzhenguideliwuxianjiyingguoguowangaidehuaqishi，weiquebaoyunshuanquan，tamencaiyongle “yanpingongkaizhanshi，zhenpinyouji” deshengdongjixicelve，zheiyixijieyezuyizhengmingkulinanzuanshidejiazhiliancheng。