青金石

　　青金石的简介

　　qingjinshi(yingwen：lapis la zuli，laiyuanyuladingyu)，shiyizhongbutouminghuobantoumingdelanse、lanzisehuolanlvsedebanbaoshi。qingjinshishiyizhongjiaoweixiyoudebaoshi，fojiaochengweifeinulihuobiliuli。shuyufojiaoqibaozhiyi。 weiyaoshifodeshense。《shiya》yun：“qingjinshisexiangrutian，huofujinxiesanluan，guanghuicanlan，ruozhongxingliyutianye”。 youyuqingjinshi“sexiangrutian”，guqingchaoshibulunchaozhuhuochaodai，doushihuangdiyuyongzhipin。 suoyizhongguogudaitongyongqingjinshizuoweishangtianweiyanchonggaodexiangzheng。zaigongyuanqianshuqian niandeguaiji，qingjinshiyuhuangjinjiazhixiangdang。tongshi，qingjinshiyebeialaboguojiashiwei“guibao”lingwaiafuhanyebatadangzuozijiguojiade“guoshi”。qingjinshihaishishijieshangzuizaobeirenweishi“nengliang shi”deshitou。

　　一.青金石矿和青金石不是同一个概念

　　qingjinshikuang(lazurite)heqingjinshi (lapis)bushiyigegainian。 qingjinshi(kuang)bushidanyikuangwu，shizhuyaoyouqing jinshigouchengdeduokuangjiheti。yiqingjinweizhuyao (afuhanchandeyouzhiqingjinshi，qingjinhanliangdagai zhandao25-40%)，ciwaijiubaohandajiashuxide huangtiekuanghefangjieshiwai，qishizuizhuyaodechengfenhai youfangnashi(shucujingzhijiegou，lanwenshidezhuyao chengfen)helanfangshi。tongshihanyoushaolianghuishi、yun mu、jiaoshanshi，yijitouhuishi、wanhuishi、youfangshideng。

　　shichangshangjiandaodeqingjinshijizhubaojiechengweiqingjinshibaoshi,juedabufenweiqingjinshixilijihetihuohanqitakuangwudejiheti。shijishangshiyizhong“qingjinshiyan”。gusuchengde“qingjinshi”shijishangduoshiyanshi,erbushikuangwu。zheishiyigehenzhongyaodequbie。

　　qingjinshishiyizhongkuangwu,qingjinshi(lazurite)shu fangnashizu,《xitongkuangwuxue》renweiqihuaxuecheng fenwei:(na,ca)8[alsio4]6[so4,s,cl]2,qi na2o=16.8%,cao=8.7%,al2o3=27.2%,sio2=31.8%,so3= 11.8%, s = 0. 34%, cl = 0.25% yijishaoliangdeh2o、sro、k2o、fe2o3he co2。

　　qingjinshikuangwudehuaxuechengfenweinagaidelvguisuan yan，qihuaxueshiwei(na， ca)8(alsio4)6(so4,s,cl)2，changchengzhimikuai zhuangjiheti，danjingweilingxingshiermianti，danjiweihanjian。

　　二.青金石就只有阿富汗产，阿富汗的最好?

　　shijieshangchuchanqingjinshiyushideguojiazhuyaoyoua fuhan、zhili、eluosi、tajikesitan、mei guo、jianadadeng。

　　afuhandeqingjinshichanyubadaheshangshengdehanqing jinshiqu，weiyuxingdoushenkushanmaidongbukekeqihe liuyu。yizhikuangchuanghekuangdianjiaoduo，qizhongzuizhuming deweisaleisangeqingjinshikuangchuang。saleisangekuangchuang weiyukekeqihezhiliu——saleisangeheguzhong， suochanqingjinshikuaitidepingjunzhongliangwei2-7gong jin，bufenkeda100～150gongjin。gaikuangchuangsuo chandeqingjinshichengshenlanse、tianlanseheqianlanse， weixilijiegouhuoyinjingjiegou，shishijieshanglishizui weiyoujiudeyouzhideqingjinshiyuanliaochandi，yeshizui youmingdelaokuangliao。

　　eluosideqingjinshiyushichanyubinbeijiaernanbudiqu，baokuoxiaobeisitelakuangchuanghesiliudiankuang chuang，qianzhesuochanqingjinshiyushichengyanlanse，houzhe suochanqingjinshiyushidezhiliangjiaocha。

　　tajikesitansuochandeqingjinshiyushi，juxilijiegouhuoyinjingzhijiegou，yanseweiyanlanse、tianlan sehelanse，kejiandaohuangtiekuangjinrantiheximai。

　　zhilichandeqingjinshiyushi，youqingjinshi、fangjieshi、huangtiekuangzucheng，yanseyibanjiaoqian，chengqianlan se，shaoshuweishenlanse。jianadachandeqingjinshiyu shi，changyutouhuishi、jinyunmudengkuangwugongsheng，yan seyibanjiaoqian，chengqiandetianlanse。

　　danshimuqianwomenguojiazhubaoyecaiyongdeqingjinshi 95%shilaiziafuhanchan。congxianggangjinkouerlai。 yibanshangandematouzaishenzhen、guangzhou、shantouwei zhu。shaolianglaizizhiliguojia。qitachandijibenmei youtingshuocaiyong。

　　三.青金石的颜色是不是只有蓝色?

　　qishiqingjinshizhuyaoseweishenlanse、tianlanse、zilansehelvlanse。 weihechuxianlelvse?miluliaojiushidaiyoulvse de。 henduorenwenshibushiyueshendelanseyuehao，neishibu duide。zilansedeyanseyijitianlansedebaoheduruguogou hao，fanerjiazhidugenggao! guoquzhubaojiehuafendesanlei,shijishangshiyijuqing jinshiyanzhonghanqingjinshikuangwuduoshaolaiqufende。pi ru:“shineiqingjinzhihanliangshaohuoweilansedian zhuang”de“cuisheng”,shijishangshiyizhonghanqingjinshikuangwudeyanshi。

　　yibaneryan：shuijingjieyibanyijuqingjinshizhihe yansetedianbutonghuafenweisanlei: qiyichengqingjinshi:zhichunsenongdeqingjinshi,weiqingjin shizhongzhizuijiazhe。seweijinonglan、yanlan、shen lan、cuilanhuozanglan,zhimierxi,wuzazhibaiban,yi banmeiyoujinxinghuoshaoyoujinxing。xinghuazhongyou“qingjin budaijin”zhishuo。 qici,jingelang(youchengjinkelang):qingjinshizhonghanyou jiaoduodehuangtiekuangweijingkeli,jiaoweimiji,yingxiangqing jinshizhiliang,yiweiyoubaishihuachanru。jiaoshanghaoqing jinshiyaoxunse。 qisan,cuisheng:shineiqingjinzhihanliangshao,huoweilanse dianzhuang,huoweilanseyubaisexianghunweiyizhongbanbozhuang, yincishisedanqian,weiqingjinshizhongzhixiazhe。

　　四.青金石硬度和密度到底是多少?

　　yibanrenweishimoshiyingdu5-5.5，yeyourenshuoshi 5-6. xiangduimidu2.38～2.45。 zheigeshibuzhunquede。yuanyinshiyinweitashiduokuangwu jiheti。 chunqingjinshimidu2.38-2.45g/cm3，yibanqing jinshiyuliao2.7-2.9g/cm3。 xuyaozhuyideshijiandingzhengshuyibanchudemidushi 2.7-2.9. ruguoshihechengdeqingjinshishimidudagaizai2.4. zhiyuweiheyueganjingdeqingjinshiyueqing，yuezazhide qingjinshiyuezhong?daolihenjiandan。 yuanyinshihuangtiekuangdaozhibizhongzengjia。

　　五.青金石是一种矿物染料，而且是一种治疗的药石

　　qingjinshiqishizaiweizudeyaofanglishiyizhongcuishenghe baotaideyaoshi。 qingjinshichulezhizuozhubaoshoushizhiwai,haiyongyudiao foxiang、damo、ping、lu、dongwudeng,youqishiyu foguanxizuiweimiqie。zangmiyizhituichongqingjinshi， shiqiqibaozhiyi。 ciwaihaishizhongyaodehuaseheranliao,zhumingde“fo touqing”lingrenzhumu。 xizangdeyanshihuayijixiangguandexizangshouhuidetang ka，doushiyongchuntianrankuangshiranliaolaijinxingshouhui。 womenjingchangkandaodedumu、yijisibeiguanyindetangkadouyongdaoqingjinshi。

　　zheiyidianyuanyinshi：qingjinshidetiaohen——shilan se。 heqitadabufenkuangwubutong，qingjinshishiyoutiaohen de。 shuodetongsudian。biruzijing，suirankanzheyouyan se。danshibazijingmosui，shimeiyouyansede——baise。erqingjinshishilansede。 yibanzhiyouyoutiaohendekuangwu，gurencaihuicaiyongzuo yanliao。zheidiangurenhenzaojiuhuiliyongle。 shenmejiaotiaohen，tiaohenshijianbieshitoudeyigehenzhong yaodeyiju。yinweishitoubenshendeyansejuyouleitong xing，yijijiasexianxiang。shuobailejiushikuangwubiaomian deyanse，changyoubianhua，dantiaohendeyanse，queshi jingchangbubiande。kuangwuzaiweishangyoudeciban〈youcheng tiaohenban〉shanghualiuxialaidefenmoyanse，jiuchengwei kuangwudetiaohense。

　　womenkandaodetiaohense，zhuyaobushikuangwudebiaomian se，ershiguangxiantouguojixide【<0.01nm】kuang wukelihouchengxiandeyanse。 kuangwuzhongdeshaoliangzazhi、kuangwukelidedaxiaoyiji kuangwubiaomiandeqingkuang，duikuangwudeyanseyingxianghen da，danduitiaohenjihubuyingxiang。ru：chitiekuang， waibiaokechengxianqinghuise、heisehuoanhongsedeng，dan tiaohenyidingshianhongse;eryaoqubiexuduobutongzhong leidetieyanghuawu，tiaohenshizuihaodefangfa。biru shuochitiekuangtiaohenshianhongse、citiekuangshihuise、 hetiekuangshizonghuangse。

　　六.青金石的鉴定方法

　　zaizhangboziwaiguangzhaoshexiafachengsedianguang，zaiduanbo ziwaixianzhaoshexiafabaiseyingguang。lvsejingxiachengdan hongse，suohanfangjieshiyuyansuanhuanmanrongjie。qingjin shiyiteyoudeyansehekuangwuzuheweizhuyaojianbiete zheng。lansedeqingjinshihebaisefangjieshigouchengbugui zedesebanzhuang。huangsedehuangtiekuangkelifenbuyuqi zhong。shenlansedezhimikuaizhuangqingjinyanzaichaersilv sejingxiachenghongse。

　　duiyuranseqingjinshi ：zhiliangchadeqingjinshiyi lansedebenanyaoranliaoranseyitigaoyansexiaoguo， dangranseshendubushenshi，juyoumingxianderansehen ji。ruranguosedeqingjinshikeyongjiaoyoubingtongdemian qiancashi，huishicashidemianqianbianlanse。

　　danshiyaozhuyideshi：ruguonijiangqingjinshisuidiaoyi ke，erke，shouxianxuyaojiangsuidiaodeshitou，fanfu yongshuiqingxiganjing，ranhouzaiquyongbingtong，bushijiu jing(bingtong：ch3coch3，youmingerjiajijia tong，weizuijiandandebaohetong。shiyizhongwusetouming yeti，youteshudexinlaqiwei。yirongyushuihejia chun、yichun、yimi、lvfang、bidingdengyoujirong ji。bushijiujing——yichun，fenzishiwei c2h5oh，sumingjiujing，anyongtufenweigongyejiu jingheshiyongjiujing。bingtongshizhuanyerenshigongrendean quanrongji。jiujingbunengtidaibingtong。) zaizhubaoyejie，didengqingjinshiruheranse?ranse defangfayounajizhong? zhuyaoyouliangzhong：yizhongshiyongranyifudeyoujiranliao ranse;lingyizhongshiyongwujihuaxueshijitongguoyiding dehuaxuefanyingranse。

　　ranseqingjinshihuibuhuitunseni? yibanlaishuo，yongranyifudeyoujiranliaorandeyanse rongyitunse，yuanyinshiyoujiranliaodeyanseshishengse jituanchanshengde，zheixieshengsejituanrongyizaitaiyangguang dezhaoshexiafenjiehuotuoliyoujitierquse。

　　duiyuwujihuaxueshijiransedeqingjinshi，ruguosheng sehuahewushiyanghuawuzeyansewending，zaipengdaosuan huojianshirongyitunse。zheishizuichangyongdefangfa。 yibanzaishiwuzhong，caiyongguanjiaohuozhejinjiao，guanjiao shicaiyongzhenkongguanjiaoji，baoshishuzhijiaonengshentoudao neibu。zheiyangzuochulaideqingjinshiguangzedugenghao。 danshizhiyoudadechangjiacaiyouzheiyangdejishutiaojian。 yibancongyuantoushangzuoqi，jiushizhijieduiyuanliaojinxing guanjiao。

　　yibanxiaochangjia，yuanliaodoushijinjiao。erjinjiaozezhi shijiangqingjinshiliaofangruronghuadejiaoshui，ranhoutongguo shumudebaomuhoudeweiximuchenlaituojiao。zhihouzai fangrukaoxianglaihongganjiaoshui。yibanduiqiehaoyuanliaode fangxingkeli，zaimozhuzhiqianjinxingjinjiao。 ruguoyaojinxingjiase，zhiliangtebiechadeshitou，hui caiyongzhenkongguanjiaoji，duiliaojinxingchuli。erzhongdeng shitouyibanruguoyaogaise，zeshizaijinjiaodetongshi fangruranliaotongshijinxing。 ciwaihaiyouyizhongbuchangjiandefangfa。jiguang+ranse shizenmehuishini? jiguangzhaosheqingjinshibingbunenggaibianqingjinshideyan se，ershidachukeyiranghuaxueshijishenruqingjinshi detongdao，tigongransedechangsuo，suoyijiguangbenshen bingbunengzhijieranse。youyujiguangdachudekongrouyan kanbujian，suoyibuxiangchuantongdejiarecuihuochanshenglie wenderansefayiyushibie。dantaobuchubaoshiyonglv sejingdejiancha。

　　七.青金石玉石的质量评价

　　qingjinshiyushidezhiliangpingjiakeyiyijuyan se、zhidi、liewen、qiegongyuzuogonghetiji(kuai du)dengfangmianjinxing。

　　1. yanse：qingjinshiyushideyanseshiyousuo hanqingjinshikuangwuhanliangdeduoshaosuojuedingde，suohan qingjinshikuangwuhanliangduo，zeyansehao，fanzhizeyan seyaocha，youyuqingjinshikuangwuchenglanse，yinci， qingjinshiyushiyibanyechenglanse，qizhongyouyilanse diaonongyan、chunzheng、junyunweizuijia。ruguoyansezhong jiaozhiyoubaishixianhuobaiban，jiuhuijiangdiyansedenong du、chunzhengduhejunyundu，yincizhiliangjiangdi。

　　2. zhidi：zhidiyeshipingjiaqingjinshiyushi zhiliangdeyigezhongyaoyinsu。zhidizhimi、jianren、 xini，hanqingjinshikuangwuduo，hanqitazazhikuangwu shao(rufangjieshi、huishi、yunmudeng，dankehanyou shaoliangxingdianzhuangjunyunfenbudehuangtiekuang)，zheiyangde qingjinshiweishangpin。ruguohuangtiekuangjubuchengpianfen bu，zejiangyingxiangdaoqingjinshiyushidezhidi，jiner yejiangyingxiangdaoqingjinshiyushidezhiliang。duiyuhanyou zazhikuangwudeqingjinshi，zazhikuangwufenbudejunyun chengdu，yejiangshipingjiaqizhidideyigebiaozhun，yi banrenweizazhikuangwufenbujunyunzhe，bifenbubujun yunzhezhiliangdengjiyaogao，fanzhizezhiliangdengjiyue di。

　　3. liewen：liewendecunzaijiangmingxiandiyingxiang daoqingjinshiyushidezhiliang，meiyouliewenzuihao，wei xiaoliewencizhi，liewenyuemingxianzezhiliangdengjiyue di。

　　4. qiegongyuzuogong：youyuqingjinshiyushiju youmeilichunzhengdelanse，yinciyouzhi、meiyouliewen deqingjinshichangkeyongzuoshoushishi，yongzuoshoushideqing jinshiyushichangbeiqiemochengsumian。yibanyouyuyuanliao shicengzhuangjiegou，qingjinshitongchangqiemochengbianpingxingde qingjinshiyushiyibandoushizuiyouzhi，erhouduyue hou，qiemodehumianyueda，qingjinshiyushizhiliangzi ranhuichayixie。 5. tiji(kuaidu)zhideshiqingjinshiyushikuaiti dedaxiao。zaitongdengzhiliangyinsutiaojianxia，qingjinshi yushikuaitiyueda(bulunshishoushishihaishiyuanshi)， qijiazhiyejiuyuegao。

　　genjuqingjinshiyushizhongsuohankuangwuchengfen、yan se、zhididechayi，kebaqingjinshiyushifenweiyixiasizhongzhiliangdengji，qizhiliangyicijiangdi。

　　(1) qingjinshiji：weizuiyouzhideqingjinshi yushi。qizhongdeqingjinshikuangwuhanliangzai99%yi shang(zheigeyibandanjing，jibenmeiyoufaxian)，bu hanhuangtiekuang，qitazazhikuangwuhenshao，zhidizhi mi、jianren、xini，chengnongyan、chunzheng、junyunde lanse。

　　(2) qingjinji：qingjinshikuangwuhanliangyiban zai90-95%，meiyoubaiban，kehanyouxishude xingdianzhuanghuangtiekuangheshaoliangqitazazhikuangwu，zhidi jiaochunjingzhimi、xini，yansedenongdu、junyun du、chunzhengdujiaoqingjinshijicha。

　　(3) jinkelangji(jingelangji)：qizhongqingjin shikuangwudehanliangmingxianjianshao，hanyoujiaoduoermiji dehuangtiekuang，zazhikuangwumingxianhanliangzengjia，youbai banhebaihua，yansedenongdumingxianjiangdi，chengqianlan seqiefenbubujunyun。

　　(4) cuishengshiji：zheiyileixingqingjinshishi zhiliangzuichadeqingjinshiyushi，suohanqingjinshikuangwu zuishao，yibanbuhanhuangtiekuang，erfangjieshidengzazhi kuangwuhanliangmingxianzengjia，yushishangjinjianxingdianzhuanglan sefenbu，huochenglanseyubaisehunzadezabanzhuang。

　　jiu.qingjinshizhuzidezhiliangjibieruhehuafen?

　　tianranqingjinshiyanseziran，junyundulvecha，huang tiekuangxingchengdehuangbanmeiyoubeiyansefugaidehenji。 genjuqingjinshideyansebaohedu，junyundu，chengpin dazhifenwei5gedengji。yejiushishuoyanseyuedianqing se，zangqingseyuebaomanziranyuehao，yanseyuejunyun yueyunchengziranyuehao!didengjideqingjinshiyansean chen，fahun，buliangyan。gaodengjideqingjinshiyanse xianxianbaomandelanbaose，yanseshenchenerbuan。

　　ciwaiqingjinshifenlianggeliao，xinliaohelaoliao，yi banmaihuoderenduobanxihuanlaoliao，yinweishaoxiaci， yanseyaoanchendian，xiandeshaojinshaheshaobai。ziji yongderenduobanxihuanxinliao，yansegengbaoman，baidian hejinshabilaoliaoyaoduoyidian，danshiyansenianqing。

　　haiyouyigetedian，xiaokelideqingjinshixiaci shao，danshiyanseburudakelidebaomanxianliang，da kelideyansebixiaokelidezhuzihaokan，yinweimian jida，gengqiangyan，danshixiaciyeziranfangda。zhei doushizirantese。jiasedejiubucunzaizheiyangdele。

　　2ayanseyishangdoushishidiwangqing(dianqing se)，danshi4ayishangdeyanse，baoheduzuigao!

　　bshibaidianhejinshajiduo，lansehenshao。 (20%yixiachunjing)

　　abshibaidianduo，jinshaduo，yansebugouxianyan (25%yishangchunjing)

　　ashiyansebujunyun，baidianhejinshadoubijiaoming xian(40yishangchunjing)。

　　2ashishaojinyoubai(65%yishangchunjing);

　　3ashishaojinshaobai(80%yishangchunjing);

　　4ashishaojinwubai(90%yishangchunjing);

　　5ashiwujinwubai(95%yishangchunjing);

　　maitianranqingjinshideshihou，maidianabhuo，ye shiyizhongbaozhang。

　　ciwaiyidingyoutianrandeqingjinshisuiliao，yanseshiziransede!yinweiguanjiaojiase，yibanshiduidake lideyuanliaojinxingjiase。yibanbuhuiduixiaosuiliaojinxingjiase。

　　yiji—&mdash;daizisediaodeshenlandaoqunqingse，yanse nongyuchunzhengqiefenbujunyun，zhidixinijianren，bo liguangze，wanquanbuhanhuangtiekuanghefangjieshidengqita kuangwu;

　　erji&mdash;—chunjinglansehuozilanse，yansefenbujun yun，zhidixinizhimi，boliguangze，wubaibanhuo baixian，hanshaoliangdanfenbujunyundecanlanxingdianzhuanghuang tiekuang;

　　sanji&mdash;—bunongyandeshenlanse，yansefenbubujun yun，zhidizhimi，anboliguangze，youmijizhipian zhuangfenbudehuangtiekuang，kejianbaixianhuobaiban;

　　shangyeji：yongyuzhizuoyibanshipinhuozhuangshicailiao shenqianbuyidelansediaochenglanbaibuguizexiangjiandeza banzhuang，hanshaolianghuangtiekuanghedaliangfangjieshidengkuang wu，paoguangxiaoguojiaocha。

　　青金石的功效

　　meiguobaoshixuejiakeenzhishizai 《baowanmoliji》tidao：gongyuanqian15shiji shi，xiyaliangheliuyu、guaijidiquyiyourenyong qingjinshijilvqing、hongshisuizuoweiyaoshizhiliaoyixie jibing，tebietidaoguxilayaowuxuejiadiaosike laidezaigongyuanzhichushiyongqingjinshizuoweiyizhongtuishao yao，yiyizhihoutongheqiguanyanzheng。

　　genjushuijingliaofadelianjie，qingjinshinengxiediaoshen ti、qinggan、jingshenyulingxing。erzheixiefangmianyidan shidiao，jiyiyinfayouyuzhenghebingqi，shirenmenshi qushenghuomubiao。fanzhi，zekeyijirenmendailaizi zhizhiming。renmenxiangxin，qingjinshishiqiangyoulidesi xiangchuanboqi，keyigulirenmenjiashuangzijidesheng ming，bangzhumenmenzhimianzhenli，jieshoutadezhiyin， tongshi，hainengjiaqianggetideziwoyishi，shirenmen yaoyigengwujuwushudichuanqingdayi，biaodaziwo。

　　chuanshuoqingjinshikezuoniaiqingdezhaomingdeng,tanengbang zhunidongxibierendexintai,kanqingzijideneixin,ming leniduilingyibandeganqingyouduoshen。henduoqingkuang xia，ruguonuqishoudaoyizhi，jiuyoukenengdaozhihou longbinghuoshiyutarenzhijiandejiaoliushouzu，erqingjin shinengbangzhurenmenxiaochunuqi，diaojiechongtu，dailai chengshi、lianmin、zhengzhidenglianghaopinzhi，shirenmenren shidaozhudonglingtingtarenyijiandezhongyaoxing，chengweiai yuyouyideniudai。

　　zheizhonglingxingdebaohushinengbangzhurenmenshibiejingshenshang dekunraobingjiejuetamen，tongshijiangzaochengkunraodeneng liangfandanhuiyuanchu。ciwai，tayeyouzhuyuhuiqiangrenmendeyuyandeliliang。

　　chucizhiwai，tahainengbangzhurenmenxunsuhuanjieyali，jiangrenxunsudairugengshencengcideningjingzhongqu。 zongzhi，tadexingnengfeichangchenjing，duirenmendadaomou zhongyuanmandejingjiedayoubiyi

　　jujizai，qingjinshikeyibangzhurenmenzhiliaobaoshouku nan、nvedaiyuzhemohouliuxiadexinlingchuangshang。yiqing jinshizhichengdebaoshiding，zenenggouzuidaxiandudexiao churenmendeqingganshufu。

　　qingjinshinenghuanjierenmendebingtong，tebieshipiantou tong;kefuyouyuzheng;duihuxiyushenjingxitong、mian yixitong、houlong、jiazhuangxianyouyi;nenggoujinghuaqi guan、gusui、xiongxianyuxueye;hainengzhiliaoshicong， xiaochushimianyuxuanyun，jiangdixueya。 dangniya teng、gaoxueya、zhiqiguanyan、yanjing、fashao、zhi chuangdeng，doushishiheshiyonglansexibaoshide。

　　zaiguanxiangshiyunyongqingjinshikerangrengengrongyiqidongmai lun,rufangzaimeilunweizhikebangzhucuimianjishencengde mingxiang,dantizhiminganderenshiyongshiyaotebiexiaoxin, yimianyouyunxuanhuobushufudezhuangkuang,youyuqingjinshi deweiliqiangda,zaiyunyongshibixuxincunzunjingyuzhuan zhu,cainengwanquantouru,tianrenheyi。